Roller compacted concrete rcc has been rapidly developing over the past 40 years and is now commonly used for mass concreting operations typically in a gravity dam application. The traditional method of placing, compacting, and consolidating mass concrete is at best a slow process. Rcc became very popular rapidly all over the world due to its low cost and fast deployment and is used for various purposes, including the construction of new dams, pavements, highways. What is the difference between roller compacted concrete and conventional concrete. Pdf construction of roller compacted concrete dams in hot. The concrete mixture used for construction should keep in an unhardened state to support the roller compaction. Pdf rapid and economical construction are among numerous advantages of the construction of roller compacted concrete rcc dam compared. The range of applications for dam rehabilitation is tremendous. The differences lie in the construction methods, concrete mix design, and details of the appurtenant structures. This thesis will bring all the basic knowledge needed about rcc and bring up critical parts for when designing adam. Rollercompacted concrete an overview sciencedirect topics.
Roller compacted concrete defines as a kind of concrete which compacted by roller and the mixture of this kind of concrete has to tolerant compaction aci 207. Its placed with conventional or highdensity asphalt paving equipment,then compacted with rollers. Mix design a number of mixture proportioning methods have been successfully used. Difference between roller compacted concrete and conventional. These characteristics make roller compacted concrete simple, fast, and economical. Roller compacted concrete rcc dams were developed to combine the best attributes of a fill dam offering a plantintensive method of construction and a concrete dam offering a small volume of erosionresistant material. The research questions that havegoverned this thesis are. General rollercompacted concrete rcc is probably the most important development in concrete dam technology in the past quarter century. This manual provides guidelines for the design and construction of various types. The use of rcc has allowed many new dams to become economically feasible due to the reduced cost realized from the rapid construction method. Rollercompacted concrete, which emerged as a viable means of constructing dams in the 1980s, allows much faster and less expensive construction than traditional methods. It is transported, placed, and compacted using earth and rockfill construction equipment. These comments are on the 122716 version of this article.
Roller compacted concrete pavement is best described as a zero slump concrete that is placed with standard or highdensity paving equipment and consolidatedcompacted using steeldrum or rubbertired rollers to achieve a. Although there are reported to have been a number of rcc dams constructed in the 1960s and 70s, it was not really until. Mix design of roller compacted concrete the constructor. Roller compacted concrete, rcc, or rolled concrete is a special blend of concrete that has essentially the same ingredients as conventional concrete but in different ratios and increasingly with partial substitution of fly ash for portland cement. Roller compacted concrete, or rcc, takes its name from the construction method used to build it. Designers of rollercompacted concrete rcc dams are invariably concerned with control of thermalinduced tensile stresses and thus the possibility of uncontrolled cracking which can lead to leakage related problems in the dam. These characteristics make rollercompacted concrete simple, fast, and economical. They can be used in roads and pavements as a structural bound cement. Bureau of reclamation reclamation has used rollercompacted concrete rcc for a wide variety of applications, including stability buttresses for masonry gravity and concrete arch dams, overtopping protection and upstream slope protection for embankment dams, new. Roller compacted concrete rcc was originally limited to the subbase of roads and airfield pavements, being called lean concrete or dry lean concrete. The first performance of rcc has been used in 1974 and it was about a repair project of intake tunnel which was collapsed is the tarbela dam. Rollercompacted concrete has the same basic ingredient as conventional concrete. The design of rcc gravity dams is similar to conventional concrete structures. Roller compacted concrete mix design and properties of rcc.
Since then, we have been involved as a lead designer or subconsultant on more than 30 rcc dam projects, totaling more than 2 million cubic yards. Dec 11, 2015 chaney compacted concrete or c3 is chaney enterprises roller compacted concrete paving mix which has been specially formulated and optimized for strength and mix stability. Elements discussed include investigation and selection of materials, mixture proportioning, material properties, design and. Roller compacted concrete pavement rcc pavement council. Rcc is a mix of cementfly ash, water, sand, coarse aggregate and common additives, but contains much less water. Rollercompacted concrete rcc is a concrete of zeroslump consistency in its unhardened state used in pavement and dams. Introduction more than 250 rcc dams have been constructed in 40 countries. Pdf roller compacted concrete for dam construction ted. Properties of roller compacted concrete mix design. Rollercompacted concrete rcc dams were developed to combine the best attributes of a fill dam offering a plantintensive method of construction and a concrete dam offering a small volume of erosionresistant material. When construction of rcc dams was started, placement was done by. At upper stillwater dam, the bureau plans to use processed aggregates. Upper still water and elk creek dams are examples of dams that were built using this approach.
Nov 25, 2019 roller compacted concrete rcc was originally limited to the subbase of roads and airfield pavements, being called lean concrete or dry lean concrete. Pdf construction of roller compacted concrete dam in malaysia. Designers of roller compacted concrete rcc dams are invariably concerned with control of thermalinduced tensile stresses and thus the possibility of uncontrolled cracking which can lead to leakage related problems in the dam. Rollercompacted concrete rcc portland cement association. May 01, 2017 what is the difference between roller compacted concrete and conventional concrete. Rollercompacted concrete has several advantages and disadvantages when compared to traditional dam construction. This paper will discuss the advantages of roller compacted concrete rcc for use in mass concrete gravity dams as compared to other types of. Pdf rapid and economical construction are among numerous advantages of the construction of roller compacted concrete rcc dam compared to. Development of design mix roller compacted concrete dam at. Design and construction considerations for hydraulic structures.
The modified proctor compaction test uses 56,000 ftlb. The purpose of this manual is to provide information and guidance on the use of roller compacted concrete rcc in dams and other civil works structures. Roller compacted concrete concrete cement free 30day. The term rollercompacted concrete rcc describes the concrete used in the construction of dams, combining the costefective and rapid placing techniques that are used for earthill dams, with the strength and durability of concrete, and gets its name from the heavy rollers that are used to compact it into its inal form.
Uses the principles of soil compaction to produce a lean rcc, where the optimum water content of the concrete is the one that produces the maximum dry density of the mixture. It also has provided design engineers with an opportunity to economically rehabilitate existing concrete dams. Roller compacted concrete is defined as the concrete which is compacted by roller compaction technique. Roller compacted concrete rcc is a concrete of noslump consistencyin its unhardened state that is transported, placed, and compacted using earth and rockfillconstruction equipment. The widespread use of rcc has occurred in the period since publication of the last version of astm stp 169b in 1978.
Mar 21, 2018 the development of roller compacted concrete rcc was a major change in the construction practices of dams and other structures. Rcc will provide the final riding surface unless shown on the plans as base course where it will be covered with one or more lifts of asphalt concrete pavement. Design and construction considerations for hydraulic. Roller compacted concrete definition, advantages and. Roller compacted concrete has several advantages and disadvantages when compared to traditional dam construction. Although many of the properties of rcc are similar to conventional concrete, roller compacted concrete can also be.
Today, rcc is used for any type of industrial or heavyduty pavement. Both the standard and modified proctor tests were developed for soils. Roller compacted concrete was first used for log handling facilities in canada in the mid1970s. I looked up this article because rollercompacted concrete will be used in major repair work at the oroville dam. These qualities have taken rollercompacted concrete from specialized applications to mainstream pavement. While there are water resource applications which are placed similar to rcc pavements, the materials, engineering properties, and construction means and methods for pavements are typically different. Concrete rcc roller compacted concrete rcc or leanrolled concrete, is a dry noslump concrete which has been consolidated by vibrating rollers. The information is also not wholly applicable for non pavement applications such as backfills, dams or liners. This guide for rollercompacted concrete pavements is a product of the national concrete pavement technology center national cp tech center at iowa state universitys institute for transportation, with funding from the portland cement association.
Investigating the possibility of constructing low cost. Roller compacted concrete mix proportioning method i of making roller compacted concrete. This specification references select articles and sections in items 360, 420, and 421 of the. Pdf construction of roller compacted concrete dam in. Roller compacted concrete rcc or rolled concrete rollcrete is a special blend of concrete that has essentially the same ingredients as conventional concrete but in different ratios, and increasingly with partial substitution of fly ash for portland cement. The soil compaction method is the most widely used mixture proportioning method for roller compacted concrete pavements. Roller compacted concrete rcc appeared as a feasible new type of construction material for concrete gravity dams. Gannett flemings first rcc design began four years later.
Design strength of rcc dam is often based on long term strength 90 days, 120 days or even 1 year. The term roller compacted concrete rcc is used to describe a concrete employed in the construction of dams, which combines the economical and rapid placement techniques used for fill dams with the strength and durability of concrete. The partial substitution of fly ash for portland cement is an important aspect of rcc dam construction because the heat generated by. Roller compacted concrete has the same basic ingredient as conventional concrete. The american concrete institute aci definition of roller compacted concrete states that rcc is concrete compacted by roller compaction. Roller compacting concrete has the ability such as either create new dams or repair old dams. Roller compacted concrete rcc is an accepted method of constructing new and rehabilitating old dams. The information is also not wholly applicable for non pavement applications such. Roller compacted concrete, which emerged as a viable means of constructing dams in the 1980s, allows much faster and less expensive construction than traditional methods.
Leader in rollercompacted concrete rcc technology the first rcc dam in the u. Pdf construction of roller compacted concrete dams in. What is roller compacted concrete rcc concrete brief. This type of application requires pavement strength and durability to support the heavy loads. And the dam volume becomes large steadily based on the actual results and the development of construction technique and mix proportions. This type of concrete has become very popular due to the fact that it is a simple material to produce and because it can be placed fast while producing a great surface. Chaney compacted concrete or c3 is chaney enterprises roller compacted concrete paving mix which has been specially formulated and optimized for. Rcc as a basesubbase layers is not covered in this specification. Initial development, in the 1970s, was focused primarily on mass concrete for construction of locks and dams. The first roller compacted concrete rcc dam of the world was alpe. Design considerations for rcc buttresses for concrete dam. This paper will discuss the advantages of roller compacted concrete rcc for use in mass concrete gravity dams as compared to other types of gravity dams not only from a safety standpoint but from a constructability standpoint, economical and.
Roller compacted concrete properties, advantages, and. Roller compacted concrete rcc dams are attractive to many water and energy corporations around the world due to their ease in construction and low construction cost. Properties of hardened rcc are similar to those of conventionally placed concrete. The development of roller compacted concrete rcc was a major change in the construction practices of dams and other structures. This proportioning method involves establishing a relationship between the density and moisture content of an roller compacted concrete mixture to obtain the maximum density by compacting samples over a range of moisture. Roller compacted concrete rcc has been widely preferred in the world recently due to its rapid production rate, low cost and good durability compared to those of the traditional concrete. Roller compacted concrete has emerged recently as an economical material and rapid method of construction for use in gravity dams, overflow structures and heavy duty pavements. The strength of rcc is a function of wc ratio only for mixture with vebe time of 15 to 20 sec. Roller compacted concrete rcc is discussed in this special technical publication for the first time. Malcolm dunstan and associates are specialists in roller. It is transported, placed, and compacted using earth.
Roller compacted concrete for roadway paving final report 2 3. The overriding criteria for these mixtures are the shear strength between the lifts and low permeability of concrete since no protective, impermeable face is used upstream. Rollercompacted concrete rcc or rolled concrete rollcrete is a special blend of concrete that has essentially the same ingredients as conventional concrete but in different ratios, and increasingly with partial substitution of fly ash for portland cement. Oct 10, 2016 gallapave rcc is part of gallagher aggregates gallapave range of hydraulically bound mixtures and roller compacted concrete. The development of roller compacted concrete rcc caused a major shift in the construction practice of mass concrete dams and locks. The paper also discusses the various mix proportioning, quality control, constructional features and instrumentation with respect to the high rcc dam such as middle vaitarana. The economics of rcc for dam construction, together with the latest design concepts and criteria for providing functional, safe structures are presented. These qualities have taken roller compacted concrete from specialized applications to mainstream pavement.
Construction techniques for rollercompacted concrete. Special specification 3258 roller compacted concrete. Rcc trends in early 21st century mediumsize dams pdf. Rollercompacted concrete for dam safety modifications. Roller compacted concrete construction process in dam in. One wellprov en option is the possibility of using rollercompacted concrete rcc. The development in roller compacted concrete rcc is replacing the conventionally vibrated concrete cvc for faster construction of dam during last threefour. In japan, a term of rcd roller compacted dam is used for rcc roller compacted concrete dam. Rollercompacted concrete, or rcc, takes its name from the construction method used to build it. What are the differences in design of conventional concrete dams and roller compacted dams. Surface appearance, texture, and smoothness are of lesser importance for these applications. The purpose of this manual is to provide information and guidance on the use of rollercompacted concrete rcc in dams and other civil works structures. Roller compacted concrete rcc dams zaragoza, 23 25 october 2012.
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